Anderson, M.K. & Luer, C.A. & Walsh, C.J. & Rothenberg, E.V. & Pant, R. & Sun, X. & Miracle, A.L. & Litman, R.T. & Litman, G.W. (2003)
Evolutionary origins of lymphocytes: mapping emergence of T-cell and B-cell transcriptional networks in early vertebrates [Abstract]. American Elasmobranch Society 19th Annual Meeting, Manaus, Brazil

Miracle, A.L. & Walsh, C.J. & Anderson, M.K. & Litman, R.T. & Litman, G.W. & Rothenberg, E.V. & Luer, C.A. (2003)
Ontogenetic expression of lymphocyte-specific genes implicate unique lymphoid tissues in generating elasmobranch immune repertoire [Abstract]. American Elasmobranch Society 19th Annual Meeting, Manaus, Brazil

Rast, J.P. & Amemiya, C.T. & Litman, R.T. & Strong, S.J. & Litman, G.W. (1998)
Distinct patterns of IgH structure and organization in a divergent lineage of chrondrichthyan fishes. Immunogenetics, 47(3), 234–245
DOI: 10.1007/s002510050353

Luer, C.A. & Walsh, C.J. & Litman, G.W. & Anderson, M.K. & Rast, J.P. (1997)
Identification of potential B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes from the clearnose skate, Raja eglanteria, using RNA probes [Abstract]. American Elasmobranch Society 13th Annual Meeting, 26 June–2 July 1997, Seattle, Washington

Walsh, C.J. & Luer, C.A. & Bodine, A.B. & Wyffels, J.T. & Litman, G.W. & Anderson, M.K. & Rast, J.P. (1996)
The immune system of the clearnose skate, Raja eglanteria [Abstract]. American Elasmobranch Society 12th Annual Meeting, June 13–19,1996 New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A.

Hawke, N.A. & Rast, J.P. & Litman, G.W. (1996)
Extensive diversity of transcribed TCR- beta in a phylogenetically primitive vertebrate. Journal of Immunology, 156(7), 2458–2464

Rast, J.P. & Anderson, M.K. & Litman, R.T. & Margittai, M. & Litman, G.W. & Ota, T. & Shamblott, M.J. (1994)
Immunoglobulin light chain class multiplicity and alternative organizational forms in early vertebrate phylogeny. Immunogenetics, 40(2), 83–99
DOI: 10.1007/BF00188170

Hinds-Frey, K.R. & Nishikata, H. & Litman, R.T. & Litman, G.W. (1993)
Somatic variation precedes extensive diversification of germline sequences and combinatorial joining in the evolution of immunoglobulin heavy chain diversity. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 178(3), 815–824
DOI: 10.1084/jem.178.3.815

Litman, G.W. & Hinds, K. & Berger, L. & Murphy, K. & Litman, R. (1985)
Structure and organization of immunoglobulin VH genes in Heterodontus, a phylogenetically primitive shark. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 9(4), 749–758
DOI: 10.1016/0145-305X(85)90040-0

Litman, G.W. & Berger, L. & Murphy, K. & Litman, R. & Hinds, K. & Erickson, B.W. (1985)
Immunoglobulin VH gene structure and diversity in Heterodontus, a phylogenetically primitive shark. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 82(7), 2082–2086

Litman, G.W. & Erickson, B.W. & Lederman, L. & Mäkelä, O. (1982)
Antibody response in Heterodontus. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 45(1), 49–57
DOI: 10.1007/BF01283163

Litman, G.W. & Scheffel, C. & Mäkelä, O. (1980)
Immunoglobulin diversity in the phylogenetically primitive shark Heterodontus francisci: Comparison of fine specificity in hapten binding by antibody to p-azobenzenearsonate. Immunology Letters, 1(4), 213–215
DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(80)90044-9

Litman, G.W. & Scheffel, C. & Gerber-Jenson, B. (1980)
Immunoglobulin diversity in the phylogenetically primitive shark, Heterodontus francisci. Suggested lack of structural variation between light chains isolated from different animals. Journal of Immunogenetics, 7(3), 197–206
DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313X.1980.tb00929.x

Mäkelä, O. & Litman, G.W. (1980)
Lack of heterogeneity in anti-hapten antibodies of a phylogenetically primitive shark. Nature, 287(5783), 639–640
DOI: 10.1038/287639a0

Frommel, D. & Litman, G.W. & Finstad, J. & Good, R.A. (1971)
The evolution of the immune response. XI. The immunoglobulins of the horned shark, Heterodontus francisci: purification, characterization and structural requirement for antibody activity. Journal of Immunology, 106(5), 1234–1243