Hulley, P.A. (1986)
Families Rajidae, Anacanthobatidae In Smith's Sea Fishes, by M.M. Smith & P.C. Heemstra, eds. Macmillian, Johannesburg: 115–128
Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (1986)
Smiths' Sea fishes Braamfontein, Johannesburg :Macmillan South Africa,1986.