Mould, B. (1997)
Classification of the recent Elasmobranchii. Copyright Brian Mould 1997
Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (1999)
FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). Rome, FAO. 1999: 1397–2068