Rhinoscymnus viridiadamas

Welton & Goedert, 2016


Classification: Elasmobranchii Squaliformes Somniosidae

Reference of the original description
Welton, B.J. & Goedert, J.L. (2016)
New fossil species of Somniosus and Rhinoscymnus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae), deep water sharks from Oligocene rocks of Western Washington State, USA. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 74, 309–326

Types
Rhinoscymnus viridiadamas
Holotype: NMMNH: P-70545;


Description:


Citation: Rhinoscymnus viridiadamas Welton & Goedert, 2016: In: Database of fossil elasmobranch teeth www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 04/2024

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Description
Original diagnose after Welton & Goedert (2016) p. 313 [24455]: A species of the genus Rhinoscymnus differing from R. rostratus and R. longus by having large adult body length (estimated 2.7 m TL); lower teeth 2.8 times larger than adult tooth size of extant species; differing further from R. longus in having a more robust crown and cusp; wider and shorter apron, without a median axial trough; root with a smaller mesolabial foramen and much smaller distolabial foramen; distolingual foramen on shelf of transverse bulge very small; differing further from R. rostratus in having a shorter, more robust cusp with well developed finely serrated cutting edges, including those of the distal heel; broader apron with short apicobasally oriented enameloid folds along its basal edge; much smaller distolingual foramen and much reduced mesolabial and distolabial foramina; further differing from R. rostratus and R. longus in having upper teeth with more robust roots and crowns; large enameloid folds at the labial crown base, with very fine, short longitudinal enameloid ridges; infindibulum within open root groove present or absent, otherwise teeth with separate upper and lower axial foramina; labial crown base not developed into an apically convex basal ledge; dermal scales of ventral surface of head region differ from those of R. rostratus in being much larger, up to 2.3 mm in anteroposterior length, and more robust; ridges high, sharp and with many more bifurcations between dorsal surface and cusp base; cuspate margin never extends beyond base, and only slightly elongated; smaller scales (between 0.5 and 1 mm) of the head and possibly trunk region, have high crowns and short cusps lacking a pronounced posterior elongation; calcified vertebral centra large, up to 28.6 mm in axial length.

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=14699;
valid after Welton & Goedert (2016) p. 313 [24455];


References
Flammensbeck, C.K. & Pollerspöck, J. & Schedel, F.D.B. & Matzke, N.J. & Straube, N. (2018)
Of teeth and trees: A fossil tip-dating approach to infer divergence times of extinct and extant squaliform sharks. Zoologica Scripta, 47(5), 539–557
DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12299
Welton, B.J. & Goedert, J.L. (2016)
New fossil species of Somniosus and Rhinoscymnus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae), deep water sharks from Oligocene rocks of Western Washington State, USA. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 74, 309–326