Catalog of Fishes
literature references
FishBase
Aetobatus narinari
(EUPHRASEN, 1790)
Spotted eagle ray
Classification: Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Myliobatidae
Reference of the original description
Raja (Narinari). Kongliga Vetenskaps Akademiens nya Handlingar, Stockholm, 11 (for 1790): 217-219, Pl. 10
Raja (Narinari). Kongliga Vetenskaps Akademiens nya Handlingar, Stockholm, 11 (for 1790): 217-219, Pl. 10
Synonyms / new combinations and misspellings
Aetobates narinari, Aetobatis latirostris, Aetobatis narinari, Aetobatus cf. narinari, Aetobatus narinae, Myliobatis narinari, Raja narinari, Stoasodon narinari
Aetobates narinari, Aetobatis latirostris, Aetobatis narinari, Aetobatus cf. narinari, Aetobatus narinae, Myliobatis narinari, Raja narinari, Stoasodon narinari
Description:
Citation: Aetobatus narinari (EUPHRASEN, 1790): In: Database of modern sharks, rays and chimaeras, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 05/2013
Please send your images of "Aetobatus narinari" to info@shark-references.com
Aetobatus narinari (EUPHRASEN, 1790), © Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN) http://coleccion.cicimar.ipn.mx
Aetobatus narinari (EUPHRASEN, 1790), © Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN) http://coleccion.cicimar.ipn.mx
Common names
Gefleckter Adlerrochen, 
Chucho, Chucho pintado, Gavilan pintado, Obispo, Raya, Raya aguila, Raya gavilán, Raya murciélago moteada, Raya pico de pato, Wakawa, 
Aigle de mer léopard, Aigle de mer tacheté, Aigle de mer tachetée, Raie chauve-souris, Raie léopard, Raie noire, 
Bishop ray, Bonnet skate, Duckbil ray, Duckbill eagle-ray, Duckbill ray, Eagle ray, Flying ray, Lady ray, Leopard ray, Mottled eagle ray, Skate, Spotted bonnetray, Spotted duckbill ray, Spotted eagle ray, Spotted eagleray, Spotted edgle-ray, Spotted stingray, Spotted whipray, Spotted-eagle ray, Sunfish, Whip, Whip ray, White-spotted eagle ray, Whitespotted eagle ray, 
Ajeru, Ajuru, Arraia, Arraia-morcego, Arraia-pintada, Cação anjo, Narinari, Papagaio, Pintada, Raia-chita, Raia-leopardo, Raia-pintada, Ratau ponteado, Ratão-leopardo, Ratão-pintado
Gefleckter Adlerrochen, Chucho, Chucho pintado, Gavilan pintado, Obispo, Raya, Raya aguila, Raya gavilán, Raya murciélago moteada, Raya pico de pato, Wakawa, Aigle de mer léopard, Aigle de mer tacheté, Aigle de mer tachetée, Raie chauve-souris, Raie léopard, Raie noire, Bishop ray, Bonnet skate, Duckbil ray, Duckbill eagle-ray, Duckbill ray, Eagle ray, Flying ray, Lady ray, Leopard ray, Mottled eagle ray, Skate, Spotted bonnetray, Spotted duckbill ray, Spotted eagle ray, Spotted eagleray, Spotted edgle-ray, Spotted stingray, Spotted whipray, Spotted-eagle ray, Sunfish, Whip, Whip ray, White-spotted eagle ray, Whitespotted eagle ray, Ajeru, Ajuru, Arraia, Arraia-morcego, Arraia-pintada, Cação anjo, Narinari, Papagaio, Pintada, Raia-chita, Raia-leopardo, Raia-pintada, Ratau ponteado, Ratão-leopardo, Ratão-pintado
Short Description
An eagleray with a long snout, flat and rounded like a duck"quot;s bill, a thick head, and a pectoral disc with sharply curved, angular corners, and no caudal fin; jaws usually with single row of flat, chevron-shaped teeth [536]. Each tooth a crescent-shaped plate joined into a band [17659]. Numerous white spots on black or bluish disc; white below [536]. Long whiplike tail, with a long spine near the base, behind small dorsal fin. No spines on disk [17658].
An eagleray with a long snout, flat and rounded like a duck"quot;s bill, a thick head, and a pectoral disc with sharply curved, angular corners, and no caudal fin; jaws usually with single row of flat, chevron-shaped teeth [536]. Each tooth a crescent-shaped plate joined into a band [17659]. Numerous white spots on black or bluish disc; white below [536]. Long whiplike tail, with a long spine near the base, behind small dorsal fin. No spines on disk [17658].
Distribution
Western Atlantic: North Carolina (summer) and Florida, USA and Bermuda to southern Brazil. Throughout Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean, including Antilles [17659]. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 4440). Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to Hawaii, north to Japan, south to Australia (Ref. 9862). Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Puerto Pizarro, Peru and the Galapagos Islands [455]. There may be more than one species of spotted Aetobatus (Ref. 9862).
Western Atlantic: North Carolina (summer) and Florida, USA and Bermuda to southern Brazil. Throughout Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean, including Antilles [17659]. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 4440). Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to Hawaii, north to Japan, south to Australia (Ref. 9862). Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Puerto Pizarro, Peru and the Galapagos Islands [455]. There may be more than one species of spotted Aetobatus (Ref. 9862).
Human uses
fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
Biology
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures [733]. Bears up to 4 young [1388] (Ref. 5578, 37816). Width at birth 17-35 cm (Ref. 37816). According to Uchida et al (1990) (Ref. 51119) "quot;the male chases the female in mid water, then nibbles on her dorsal surface. The female stops swimming to begin copulation. The male bites the female on a pectoral fin and bends one clasper forward, then attempts an abdomen to abdomen copulation with either clasper, usually mid-water"quot; (Ref. 49562). Copulation lasted for 20 seconds to 1 minute (Ref. 49562). Commonly found in shallow inshore waters such as bays and coral reefs but may cross oceanic basins (Ref. 9862). Benthopelagic, found near land at 1-60 m [17640]. Sometimes enters estuaries [1388]. Swims close to the surface, occasionally leaping out of the water, or close to the bottom (Ref. 3175). Frequently forming large schools during the non-breeding season [17658]. Feeds mainly on bivalves but also eats shrimps, crabs, octopus and worms, whelks, and small fishes (Ref. 9862). A carnivore [17641].
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures [733]. Bears up to 4 young [1388] (Ref. 5578, 37816). Width at birth 17-35 cm (Ref. 37816). According to Uchida et al (1990) (Ref. 51119) "quot;the male chases the female in mid water, then nibbles on her dorsal surface. The female stops swimming to begin copulation. The male bites the female on a pectoral fin and bends one clasper forward, then attempts an abdomen to abdomen copulation with either clasper, usually mid-water"quot; (Ref. 49562). Copulation lasted for 20 seconds to 1 minute (Ref. 49562). Commonly found in shallow inshore waters such as bays and coral reefs but may cross oceanic basins (Ref. 9862). Benthopelagic, found near land at 1-60 m [17640]. Sometimes enters estuaries [1388]. Swims close to the surface, occasionally leaping out of the water, or close to the bottom (Ref. 3175). Frequently forming large schools during the non-breeding season [17658]. Feeds mainly on bivalves but also eats shrimps, crabs, octopus and worms, whelks, and small fishes (Ref. 9862). A carnivore [17641].
Habitat
reef-associated; amphidromous [17660]; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 80 m (Ref. 9710), usually 1 - ? m (Ref. 55257)
reef-associated; amphidromous [17660]; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 80 m (Ref. 9710), usually 1 - ? m (Ref. 55257)
Parasites arranged by Pollerspöck, Jürgen
Monogenea
Monogenea
- Clemacotyle australis YOUNG, 1967 [7394] [7571] [7102] [17104]
- Decacotyle elpora MARIE & JUSTINE, 2005 [7394]
- Decacotyle floridana (PRATT, 1910) CHISHOLM & WHITTINGTON, 1998 (synonyms Papillicotyle floridana (PRATT, 1910) [17104] [17205]) [17440]
- Decacotyle octona (YOUNG, 1967) (synonyms Papillicotyle octona YOUNG, 1967 [17104]) [7394] [17440]
- Dendromonocotyle torosa CHISHOLM & WHITTINGTON, 2004 [7386] [9445]
- Empruthotrema kearni WHITTINGTON, 1990 [16925] [17002]
- Merizocotyle pseudodasybatis (HARGIS, 1955 ) CHISHOLM, WHEELER & BEVERLEY-BURTON, 1995 [17002]
- Thaumatocotyle pseudodasybatis HARGIS, 1955 [7394] [7402] [16925] [17148]
- Acanthobothrium aetiobatis (SHIPLEY, 1900) [16175]
- Acanthobothrium arlenae CAMPBELL & BEVERIDGE, 2002 [16128]
- Acanthobothrium colombianum BROOKS & MAYES, 1980 [16266]
- Acanthobothrium dysbiotos (MACCALLUM, 1921) (synonyms Taenia dysbiotos MACCALLUM, 1921 [16352])
- Acanthobothrium nicoyaense BROOKS & McCORQUODALE, 1995 [7562] [16969]
- Acanthobothrium monski MARGUEE, BROOKS & BARRIGA, 1997 [7617]
- Acanthobothrium quadribothria (MACCALLUM, 1921) (synonyms Taenia quadribothria MACCALLUM, 1921 [16352])
- Acanthobothrium tortum (LINTON, 1916) BAER & EUZET, 1962 (synonyms Onchobothrium tortum LINTON, 1916 [16172]) [16175] [16178] [16356]
- Adelobothrium aetiobatidis SHIPLEY, 1900 [16338]
- Cephalobothrium aetobatidis SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906 [16338] [16908]
- Cyclobothrium typicum SOUTHWELL, 1911 [17129]
- Didymorhynchus southwelli BEVERIDGE & CAMPBELL, 1988 [16112] [16255]
- Disculiceps sp. [16356]
- Dollfusiella aetobati (BEVERIDGE, 1990) [16112]
- Echinobothrium boisii SOUTHWELL, 1911 [16430] [17129]
- Eutetrarhynchus aetobati BEVERIDGE, 1990 [16252]
- Hornellobothrium cobraformis SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906 [13130] [16338]
- Hornellobothrium extensivum JENSEN, 2005 [16338]
- Kotorella pronosoma (STOSSICH, 1901) [16112]
- Kystocephalus translucens SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906 [16338]
- Myzophyllobothrium rubrum SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906 [16468]
- Nybelinia narinari (MACCALLUM, 1917) DOLLFUS, 1930 (synonyms Tetrarhynchus narinari MACCALLUM, 1917 [16353])
- Oncomegas aetobatidis CAMPBELL & BEVERIDGE, 2009 [16972]
- Oncomegas australiensi TOTH, CAMPBELL & SCHMIDT, 1992 [16112] [15747] [16428]
- Oncomegas sp. [15747]
- Parachristianella baverstocki BEVERIDGE, 1990 [16112]
- Proemotobothrium linstowi (SOUTHWELL, 1912) [16112]
- Rhynchobothrius aetobati MACCALLUM, 1921 [16352]
- Shirleyrhynchus aetobatidis (SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906) [16112] [16256]
- Staurobothrium aetobatidis SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1905 [16338]
- Tenia narinari MACCALLUM, 1917 [16353]
- Trimacracanthus aetobatidis (ROBINSON, 1959) [16254]
- Trygonicola macroporus (SHIPLEY & HORNELL, 1906) [16112]
- Tylocephalum aurangabadensis JADHAV & SHINDE, 1987 [16330]
- Tylocephalum girindrai PRAMANIK & MANNA, 2007 [16377]
- Tylocephalum pingue LINTON, 1890 [16352]
- Ascaridida sp. [17190]
- Echinocephalus aetobati MACCALLUM, 1921 [16352]
- Echinocephalus sinensis KO, 1975 [7404]
- Echinocephalus overstreeti DEARDORFF & KO, 1983 [7404]
- Terranova scoliodontis (BAYLIS, 1931) [7404]
- Eudactylina hornbosteli DEETS, 1994 [15305]
- Gnathia trimaculata COETZEE, SMIT, GRUTTER & DAVIES, 2009 [17188]
- Branchellion ravenelii (GIRARD, 1851) [17101]
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