Kyne, P.M. & Carlson, J.K. & Ebert, D.A. & Fordham, S.V. & Bizzarro, J.J. & Graham, R.T. & Kulka, D.W. & Tewes, E.E. & Harrison, L.R. & Dulvy, N.K. (2012)
The Conservation Status of North American, Central American, and Caribbean Chondrichthyans. IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, Vancouver, Canada.