Bean, B.A. & Weed, A.C. (1909)
Descriptions of two new species of electric rays, of the family Narcobatidae, from deep water off the southern Atlantic coast of the United States.
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 677–680
Garman, S. (1913)
The Plagiostomia (Sharks, Skates and Rays).
Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 36, 1–528