Jordan, D.S. & Bollman, C.H. (1889)
Descriptions of new species of fishes collected at the Galápagos Islands and along the coast of the United Status of Colombia, 1877-88. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 12, 149–183

Jordan, D.S. & Evermann, B.W. (1896)
The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part I. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 47, 1–1240

Gilbert, C.H. & Starks, E.C. (1904)
The fishes of Panama Bay. Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 4: 304 p.

Garman, S. (1913)
The Plagiostomia (Sharks, Skates and Rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 36, 1–528

Osburn, R.C. & Nichols, J.T. (1916)
Shore fishes collected by the "Albatross" expedition in Lower California, with descriptions of new species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 35(16), 139–181

Meek, S.E. & Hildebrand, S.F. (1923)
The marine fishes of Panama. Part I. Field Museum of Natural History Zoological Series 15, (publication no. 215): 1–330.

Breder, C.M. (1928)
Elasmobranchii from Panama to Lower California. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University, 2(1): 1–13

Jordan, D.S. & Evermann, B.W. & Clark, H.W. (1930)
Check list of the fishes and fishlike vertebrates of North and Middle America north of the northern boundary of Venezuela and Colombia. Report of the United States Fish Commission, 1928(2), 1–670

Beebe, W. & Tee-Van, J. (1941)
Eastern Pacific expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XXVIII. Fishes from the tropical eastern Pacific. [From Cedros Island, Lower California, south to the Galápagos Islands and northern Peru.] Part 3. Rays, Mantas and Chimaeras. Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society, 26(3), 245–280

Horne, W.A. & Hawrot, E. & Tsien, R.W. (1991)
omega-Conotoxin GVIA receptors of Discopyge electric organ. Characterization of omega-conotoxin binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 266(21), 13719–13725

Volknandt, W. & Pevsner, J. & Elferink, L.A. & Schilling, J. & Scheller, R.H. (1991)
A synaptic vesicle specific GTP-binding protein from ray electric organ. Molecular Brain Research, 11(3–4), 283–290
DOI: 10.1016/0169-328X(91)90037-X

Volknandt, W. & Vogel, M. & Pevsner, J. & Misumi, Y. & Ikehara, Y. & Zimmermann, H. (1991)
5'-nucleotidase from the electric ray electric lobe. Primary structure and relation to mammalian and procaryotic enzymes. European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS, 202(3), 855–861
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16443.x

Horne, W.A. & Ellinor, P.T. & Inman, I. & Zhou, M. & Tsien, R.W. & Schwarz, T.L. (1993)
Molecular diversity of Ca2+ channel alpha 1 subunits from the marine ray Discopyge ommata. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 90(9), 3787–3791

Herrmann, C. & Zimmermann, H. & Volknandt, W. (1997)
Analysis of a cDNA encoding the major vault protein from the electric ray Discopyge ommata. Gene, 188(1), 85–90
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00781-0

Mantilla, L. (1998)
Lista de especies elasmobranquios de Colombia. Rev. Fen. Anat. Vol I.

Mantilla, L. (1998)
Lista de especies elasmobránquias de Colombia. Revista de Fenología y Anatomía, 1, 1–42