Ishiyama, R. (1958)
Studies on the rajid fishes (Rajidae) found in the waters around Japan. Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries, 7(2/3), 193–394

Ishiyama, R. (1967)
Fauna Japonica. Rajidae (Pisces). Biogeographical Society of Japan (Tokyo): i–vi, 1–82

Dolganov, V.N. (1983)
Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod. [Manual for identification of cartilaginous fishes of Far East seas of USSR and adjacent waters.] TINRO, Vladivostok. Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.: 92 pp.

Ishihara, H. & Ishiyama, R. (1986)
Systematics and distribution of the skates of the north Pacific. In Uyeno, T. & Arai, R. & Taniuchi, T. & Matsuura, K. (Eds) Proceedings of the second international conference on Indo-Pacific fishes. Ichthyological Society of Japan, Tokyo: 269–280

McEachran, J.D. & Miyake, T. (1986)
Interrelationships within a putative monophyletic groups of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajoidei, Rajini). In Uyeno, T. & Arai, R. & Taniuchi, T. & Matsuura, K. (Eds) Proceedings of the second international conference on Indo-Pacific fishes. Ichthyological Society of Japan, Tokyo: 281–290

Mould, B. (1997)
Classification of the recent Elasmobranchii. Copyright Brian Mould 1997

Compagno, L.J.V. (2005)
Checklist of living Chondrichthyes. In W.C. Hamlett (Ed.), Reproductive biology and phylogeny of chondrichthyes: sharks, rays and chimaeras, Vol. 3 (pp. 503–548). Science Publishers, Endfield, USA

Mallatt, J. & Winchell, C.J. (2007)
Ribosomal RNA genes and deuterostome phylogeny revisited: More cyclostomes, elasmobranchs, reptiles, and a brittle star. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 43(3), 1005–1022
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.023

Ishihaha, H. & Wang, Y. & Tanaka, Sho & Jeong, C.-H. (2009)
Okamejei schmidti IUCN 2012, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Version 2012.2, https://www.iucnredlist.org

Ishihara, H. & Treloar, M. & Bor, P.H.F. & Senou, H. & Jeong, C.-H. (2012)
The Comparative Morphology of Skate Egg Capsules (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii: Rajiformes). Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum, Natural Science, 41, 9–25

Ota, Y. & Hoshino, O. & Hirose, M. & Tanaka, K. & Hirose, E. (2012)
Third-stage larva shifts host fish from teleost to elasmobranch in the temporary parasitic isopod, Gnathia trimaculata (Crustacea; Gnathiidae). Marine Biology, 159(10), 2333–2347
DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-2018-2

Nakabo, T. (2013)
Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. Third Edition. Tokyo: Tokai University Press. 2428 pp.

Last, P.R. & Séret, B. & Stehmann, M.F.W. & Weigmann, S. (2016)
Skates, Family Rajidae. In Last, P.R., White, W.T., Carvalho, M.R. de, Séret, B., Stehmann, M.F.W & Naylor, G.J.P(Eds.) Rays of the World. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne: 204–363

Last, P.R. & Weigmann, S. & Yang, L. (2016)
Changes to the nomenclature of the skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes). In Rays of the World: Supplementary information(Last, P. R. & Yearsley, G. K., eds), CSIRO Special Publication: 11–34

Weigmann, S. (2016)
Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88(3), 837–1037
DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12874

Guinot, G. & Cavin, L. (2020)
Distinct Responses of Elasmobranchs and Ray-Finned Fishes to Long-Term Global Change. Frontiers in Ecololgy and Evolution, 7, Article 513
DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00513