Lesueur, C.A. (1824)
Description of several species of the Linnaean genus Raia of North America.
Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 4(1), 100–121
Storer, D.H. (1846)
A synopsis of the fishes of North America.
Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, n.s., 2, 253–550