Squalus occidentalis
(Agassiz, 1856)
Classification: Elasmobranchii Squaliformes Squalidae
Reference of the original description
Notice on the fossil fishes found in California by W.P. BLAKE. American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 2, 21, 272–275
Notice on the fossil fishes found in California by W.P. BLAKE. American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 2, 21, 272–275
Types
Squalus occidentalis
Squalus occidentalis
Description:
Citation: Squalus occidentalis (Agassiz, 1856): In: Database of fossil elasmobranch teeth www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 04/2025
Description
Original description after Agassiz (1856) p. 272-273 [#26}, [2942]: Scymnus occidentalis, Agassiz, Pl. I, figs. 9—13.
The few species upon which Cuvier founded the genus Scymnus have been of late subdivided by Müller and Henle into two genera — Scymnus proper, and Laemargus — all of which are only known among the living. It is another of the highly interesting discoveries of Mr. Blake to have brought home two teeth from the Tertiaries of California belonging to this remarkable type. I would even not hesitate to consider them as indicating a distinct genus, were the number of specimens sufficient to warrant the inference that the teeth present in every position of mouth as great a difference from the true Scymnus and Laemargus as the two latter present when compared with one another. At all events, these teeth belong to the genus Scymnus, as established by Cuvier, and constitute a very distinct species, on account of the strong bend backwards of the main point of the tooth, and the distinct, and rather marked serration of the edges of the crown. Moreover, the inclination of the central point upon its basis gives these teeth a certain resemblance to those of Spinax and Centrophorus, and still more with Galeocerdo . The connexion of the teeth of the same row of the jaw with one another, was evidently the same as in the Scymnus and Laemargus , as is plainly shown, by the notch upon the inner surface of the root, and the articulating tubercle at the base of the enamel in both sides. The discovery of a fossil Scymnus in the Tertiaries of California is particularly interesting in a geographical point of view, since thus far no representative of the type has been found in the Pacific Ocean.
Original description after Agassiz (1856) p. 272-273 [#26}, [2942]: Scymnus occidentalis, Agassiz, Pl. I, figs. 9—13.
The few species upon which Cuvier founded the genus Scymnus have been of late subdivided by Müller and Henle into two genera — Scymnus proper, and Laemargus — all of which are only known among the living. It is another of the highly interesting discoveries of Mr. Blake to have brought home two teeth from the Tertiaries of California belonging to this remarkable type. I would even not hesitate to consider them as indicating a distinct genus, were the number of specimens sufficient to warrant the inference that the teeth present in every position of mouth as great a difference from the true Scymnus and Laemargus as the two latter present when compared with one another. At all events, these teeth belong to the genus Scymnus, as established by Cuvier, and constitute a very distinct species, on account of the strong bend backwards of the main point of the tooth, and the distinct, and rather marked serration of the edges of the crown. Moreover, the inclination of the central point upon its basis gives these teeth a certain resemblance to those of Spinax and Centrophorus, and still more with Galeocerdo . The connexion of the teeth of the same row of the jaw with one another, was evidently the same as in the Scymnus and Laemargus , as is plainly shown, by the notch upon the inner surface of the root, and the articulating tubercle at the base of the enamel in both sides. The discovery of a fossil Scymnus in the Tertiaries of California is particularly interesting in a geographical point of view, since thus far no representative of the type has been found in the Pacific Ocean.
Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=6810;
shark-references Species-ID=6810;
References
Bioluminescence and repeated deep-sea colonization shaped the diversification and body size evolution of squaliform sharks. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 292(2042), Article 20242932
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.2932
Faszination Haie – Die Welt der fossilen und der lebenden Haie. Der Steinkern, 58, 1–116
Fossil record and origin of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). In Gallucci, V.F. & McFarlane, G.A. & Bargmann, G.G. (Eds). Biology and management of dogfish sharks. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland: 19–38
Occurrence of a squaloid shark (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) with the pinniped Alloddesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington. Journal of Paleontology, 68(3), 680–684
Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic Squalomorphii of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. PhD, Univ. of California Berkeley, 553 p., 71 fig.

Bioluminescence and repeated deep-sea colonization shaped the diversification and body size evolution of squaliform sharks. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 292(2042), Article 20242932
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.2932

Faszination Haie – Die Welt der fossilen und der lebenden Haie. Der Steinkern, 58, 1–116

Fossil record and origin of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). In Gallucci, V.F. & McFarlane, G.A. & Bargmann, G.G. (Eds). Biology and management of dogfish sharks. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland: 19–38
Occurrence of a squaloid shark (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) with the pinniped Alloddesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington. Journal of Paleontology, 68(3), 680–684

Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic Squalomorphii of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. PhD, Univ. of California Berkeley, 553 p., 71 fig.