Common names
Gepunkteter Glatthai, Musola pimienta, Musola punteada, Emissole pointilée, Black spotted smooth hound, Blackspot smooth hound, Blackspotted smooth-hound, Palombo punteggiato

Short Description
Diagnosis after Compagno, 1984 [517]: Body fairly slender. Head short, prepectoral length 17 to 20% of total length; snout moderately long and bluntly angular in lateral view, preoral snout 5.6 to 7.5% of total length, preorbital snout 6.1 to 7.3% of total length; internarial space narrow, 1.9 to 2.3% of total length; eyes fairly large, eye length 2.1 to 2.8 times in preorbital snout and 2.3 to 3.6% of total length; interorbital space, 3.7 to 4.4% of total length; mouth short, subequal to eye length and 2 to 3.1% of total length; upper labial furrows definitely longer than lowers and 1.7 to 2.2% of total length; teeth molariform and asymmetric, with cusp reduced to a low point; distal cusplets absent except in very young sharks; buccopharyngeal denticles confined to tongue and anterior third of palate. Interdorsal space 18 to 22% of total length; trailing edges of dorsal fins naked, with a prominent band of dark, bare ceratotrichia; first dorsal broadly triangular, with posteroventrally sloping posterior margin, its midbase closer to pelvic bases than to pectorals; pectoral fins fairly small, anterior margin lengths 12 to 14% of total length, width of posterior margins 7.2 to 11% of total length; pelvic fins small, anterior margin length 7.4 to 8.8% of total length; anal height 2.3 to 3.4% of total length; anal-caudal space greater than second dorsal height, and 6 to 8.2% of total length; ventral caudal lobe falcate in adults. Crowns of lateral trunk denticles lanceolate, with or without weak ridges that, when present, extend at most only half their length. Cranium, hyomandibulae, and scapulocoracoids not hypercalcified in adults; palatoquadrates not subdivided; monospondylous precaudal centra 32 to 37, diplospondylous precaudal centra 41 to 50, precaudal centra 78 to 84. Colour uniform grey or grey-brown above, light below, often with small black spots but without white or dark bars. Development uncertain. Size moderate, adults 50 to 90 cm.

Distribution
Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean to Western Sahara. Confused with Mustelus mustelus and most data for this species were in part attributable to Mustelus mediterraneus. Source: www.gbif.org

Human uses
fisheries: commercial

Biology
Probably viviparous [517]. Distinct pairing with embrace [17086].
Diet: Gulf of Trieste (data base: 151 specimens): Crustaceanswere themost important prey items (IRI%= 56.14), whereas cephalopods were the second mostly preyed animals (IRI% = 20.2). Teleost fish and bivalves were also found in the stomachs. The most important prey species was Solecurtus strigillatus. Larger sharks consumed larger preys. Male and female sharks consumed similar food. Juvenile individuals consumed predominantly crustaceans, while cephalopods were more important in the diet of adult individuals. [14333];

Size / Weight / Age
190 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. ))

Habitat
demersal; marine

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=3819;

Parasites (arranged by Jürgen Pollerspöck)
Monogenea

• Calicotyle palombi Euzet & Williams, 1960 [31118]
• Calicotyle stossichi Braun, 1899 [24384] [31118]
• Erpocotyle sp. [30559] [31118]
• Triloculotrema euzeti Boudaya & Neifar, 2016 [24900] [31118]

Cestoda

• Eutetrarhynchus sp. [24384]
• Phormobothrium sp. [24384]
• Phyllobothrium sp. [24384]

Trematoda

• Ptychogonimus megastomum (Rudolphi, 1819) [24384]

Nematoda

• Anisakis sp. [24384]
• Cucullanus micropapillatus Tornquist, 1931 [24384]

Copepoda

• Eudactylina insolens Scott & Scott, 1913 [16609]
• Kroyeria lineata Van Beneden, 1853 [16609]
• Lernaeopoda galei Krøyer, 1837 [16609] [27471] [30559]
• Nemesis robusta (Van Beneden, 1851) [16609]
• Nesippus orientalis Heller, 1868 [16609]
• Perissopus dentatus Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 [16609]

Isopoda

• Ceratothoa oestroides (Risso, 1826) [30559]
• Ceratothoa parallela (Otto, 1828) [30559]
• Natatolana borealis (Lilljeborg, 1851) [29380]