Common names
Pearl freshwater stingray, jabuti

Short Description
Original diagnosis after DE CARVALHO, 2016 [24421]: A species of Potamotrygon endemic to the mid and upper rio Tapajós, diagnosed by its unique dorsal color pattern that undergoes a remarkable ontogenetic transformation; color pattern in adults composed of a dark brown to greenish-brown color with elaborate, bright, marbled designs with irregularly shaped, bright yellow, golden to yellowish-orange spots or dark-centered ocelli, usually smaller than eye-diameter and surrounded by smaller spots, and encircled by yellowish to golden lines (these sometimes double) forming a mesh-like pattern that delimits large rosette-like, cerebriform or ocellar figures, larger on central disc, with figures frequently coalescing forming elongated shapes, and with numerous small vermiculate, sickle-shaped and/or reniform spots in between lines and scattered on disc and base of tail; tail with numerous reniform or vermiculate bright yellow to yellowish-orange spots, sometimes forming a slender reticulate pattern, and usually in isolated clusters on posterolateral tail. Additional features that in combination further diagnose P. jabuti, sp. nov., include: monognathic heterodonty, with teeth of intermediate lateral rows of upper jaw larger and hexagonal, forming a crushing surface (present also in P. motoro, a species distinct in color pattern with isolated and well-defined tricolored ocelli on dorsal disc); dorsal tail thorns arranged in single to double irregular rows, with thorns generally closely packed together; lack of defined labial grooves (distinct labial grooves present at least in P. orbignyi, P. humerosa, P. marinae, and P. constellata); and presence of two well developed angular cartilages, with anterior angular cartilage just slightly greater than posterior angular (single angular present in P. tigrina, P. schroederi, P. constellata, P. magdalenae, P. histrix, P.schuhmacheri, P. orbignyi, P. humerosa, P. marinae, and P. wallacei; anterior angular broad and posterior angular absent or very small, abutting hyomandibula, in P. signata, P. pantanensis and P. amandae; anterior and posterior angulars present in addition to a small lateral element in P. limai and P. scobina).

Distribution
endemic to the mid and upper rio Tapajós [24421]

Biology
matrotrophic viviparity, Fecundity ranges from 1–4 embryos, but usually two embryos are born per gestation [24421]

Size / Weight / Age
range: 437 - 810 mm TL [24421]

Habitat
freshwater [24421]

Dentition
Teeth large, with usually rhomboidal crowns; larger specimens of both sexes with larger, somewhat hexagonal teeth on intermediate lateral rows in upper jaws (fifth row counting from lateralmost row in some larger specimens); hexagonal teeth more pronounced in larger females; teeth of adult males with more pronounced, pointed cusps on central rows of both tooth bands. Few exposed median tooth rows present on lower dental plate in some preserved specimens. Teeth set in quincunx, in 17–29/23–33 total longitudinal rows in larger juveniles and adults; 22/24 in large adult female (holotype), 23/28 in adult female (MZUSP 25578), 27/32 in adult male (MZUSP 105004), 24/27 in large juvenile male, almost adult (MZUSP 105038) [24421]

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=14696; CITES: (see: Protected Species for more details) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Speciesof Wild Fauna and Flora annex: III; Council Regulation 2017/160 annex: C