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Callorhinchus callorynchus

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Elephantfish
Classification: Holocephali Chimaeriformes Callorhinchidae

Reference of the original description

Linné, C. (1758)
Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, regnum animale, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus differentiis synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Stockholm, Laurentii Salvii, 824pp.

Image of the original description
No image in first description.

Synonyms / new combinations and misspellings
Callorhinchus callorhynchus, Callorhinchus smythii, Callorhynchus antarctica, Callorhynchus antarcticus, Callorhynchus argenteus, Callorhynchus callorhynchus, Callorhynchus callorynchus, Callorhynchus cf. callorhynchus, Callorhynchus elephantinus, Callorhynchus peronii, Callorhynchus smythi, Callorhynchus smythii, Callorhynchus tritoris, Callorynchus antarcticus, Callorynchus callorynchus, Callorynchus elephantinus, Callorynchus smythii, Callorynchus tritoris, Chimaera callorhinchus, Chimaera callorhynchus, Chimaera callorynchus, Chimaera collorhynchus, Chimaera collorinchus

Types
Callorhinchus callorynchus
Syntype: MNHN: 2562; MNHN: 2563; MNHN: 2564; MNHN: 2583;
Callorhynchus antarcticus
XXXX: No types known;
Callorhynchus elephantinus
XXXX: No types known;
Callorhynchus peronii
Syntype: MNHN: 2583; MNHN: 2564; MNHN: 2562; MNHN: 2563;
Callorhynchus smythii
XXXX: No types known;
Callorhynchus tritoris
Holotype: MCZ: 89504 (tracking number, specimen lost)
Callorynchus elephantinus
XXXX: No types known;

Description :

Citation: Callorhinchus callorynchus (Linnaeus, 1758): In: Database of modern sharks, rays and chimaeras, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 11/2024

Please send your images of "Callorhinchus callorynchus" to info@shark-references.com

Callorhinchus callorynchus (Linnaeus, 1758); Chile © Ignacio Contreras, Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados Facultad de Ciencias, U. de Chile

Common names
spa

Achagual,

Chalgua,

Gallo,

Hijo del país, spa

Músico,

Peje gallo, spa

Peje-gallo, spa

Pejegallo, spa

Pexe gallo, spa

Pez elefante, spa

Pez gallo, spa

Pez músico, spa

Ñato, $fra $T$$ Masca, $fra $T$$ Masca laboureur, eng

Cockfish,

Elephant fish, eng

Elephantfish, eng

Plownose chimaera, eng

Rooster fish, por

Acagual,

Cascudo,

Peixe-coelho, por

Peixe-elefante, por

Peixe-rato, por

Quimera,

Quimera-antártica

Short Description
Pectorals very large [20201].
Diet consists primarily of shelled invertebrate prey, particularly bivalve molluscs, gastropods and polychaetes. Differences in the diet of males and females and between juveniles and adults are attributed to prey availability and morphology and behavior of predators (e.g., tooth plates of juveniles are not as large or strong as those of adults) [22803].
Patagonian Waters (Argentina): Three species of bivalve molluscs (Pitar rostratus, Aequipecten tehuelchus and Ennucula puelcha) and flabelligerid polychaetes were predominant in the diet of males. The scallop Zygochlamys patagonica dominated the diet of females. The diet of juveniles consisted of small gastropods (Olivella sp.), bivalves with fragile shells (e.g. Pandora cistula), amphipods and polychaetes. [11373].

Distribution
Ranges from Southern Brazil to Southern Patagonia in the southwest Atlantic and from Peru and Chile in the southeast Pacific. It has also been reported from the Argentine section of the Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego [3769]. Source: www.gbif.org

Human uses
fisheries: commercial

Biology
Oviparous [733]; Females mature at 49 cm SL and males at 40 cm SL. The maximum recorded size for C. callorhynchus is 102 cm total length (TL) (Di Giácomo and Perier 1994). Size at birth is 13 cm TL and gestation time is probably in the region of 6 to 12 months [18493]

Eggcase-Description (by Ruth Leeney): Spindle-shaped eggcase (oval capsule tapering to a point at each end). Capsule convex on one side and flatter on the other. Broad laminar frill which is hairy on one surface and smooth on the other. Laminar ribs few and thick, branching out to fringes at the edge of the frill, always in zones.

Colour: Pale or golden yellow to blackish-brown. When dry, usually dark brown to black.

Notes: These eggcases become brittle and fragile once dry and often only the central capsule is encountered, as the laminar frill breaks off easily.

Measurements: 130 – 180 mm (length when fully rehydrated).

Size / Weight / Age
Maximum recorded size for females is 102 cm total length (TL) and 85 cm TL for males [18493]

Habitat
demersal; marine; depth: about 170 m, however there are reported captures of this species from 481 m off Chile [18493]

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=670;

Parasites (arranged by Jürgen Pollerspöck)
Monogenea