Isurus oxyrinchus

Reference of the original description

Rafinesque, C.S. (1810)
Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e pinate della Sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi, lère partie. (Part 1 involves fishes, pp. [i–iv] 3–69 [70 blank], Part 2 with slightly different title, pp. ia–iva + 71–105 [106 blank])

Images of the original description (synonym)

Synonyms / new combinations and misspellings
Anotodus supraoligocaenus, Carcharias tigris, Cosmopolitodus hastalis supraoligocaena, Isuropsis dekayi, Isuropsis glauca, Isuropsis mako, Isuropsis oxyrinchus, Isurus aff. oxyrinchus, Isurus africanus, Isurus bideni, Isurus cepedii, Isurus cf. oxyrhinchus, Isurus cf. oxyrhynchus, Isurus cf. oxyrinchus, Isurus cf. spallanzani, Isurus dekayi, Isurus glauca, Isurus guentheri, Isurus guntheri, Isurus güntheri, Isurus hastalis supraoligocaena, Isurus mako, Isurus oxyrhinchus, Isurus oxyrhincus, Isurus oxyrhynchus, Isurus punctatus, Isurus spallanzani, Isurus spallanzanii, Isurus tigris, Isurus tigris africanus, Isurus tigris mako, Isurus tigris tigris, Isurus (Isurus) glaucas, Lamna glauca, Lamna güntheri, Lamna huidobrii, Lamna latro, Lamna oxyrhina, Lamna punctata, Lamna punctatus, Lamna spallanzanii, Lamna (Oxyrhina) spallanzanii, Oxyrhina dekayi, Oxyrhina glauca, Oxyrhina gomphodon, Oxyrhina oxyrhynchus, Oxyrhina punctata, Oxyrhina spallanzanii, Oxyrrhina glauca, Squalus cepedii, Squalus (Lamna) cepedii

Types
Isurus oxyrinchus
XXXX: No types known;
Carcharias tigris
XXXX: No types known;
Isuropsis dekayi
XXXX: No types known;
Isurus bideni
Holotype: AMS: IA.4311; AMS: IA.4311.001;
Isurus mako
XXXX: No types known;
Isurus spallanzani
XXXX: No types known;
Isurus tigris africanus
Holotype: SAIAB: 426
Lamna huidobrii
Holotype: DBCUCH: ? (possibly lost)
Lamna oxyrhina
XXXX: No types known;
Lamna punctatus
Holotype: XXXX: No types known;
Oxyrhina glauca
Lectotype: RMNH: 2529 Paralectotype: RMNH: 2533 RMNH: 2587
Oxyrhina gomphodon
Holotype: ZMB: 4528

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Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810, © FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ebert, D.A. 2014. On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. Reproduced with permission, illustration by Marc Dando , Wildlife Illustrator

Common names
$deu $T$$ Blauhai, $deu $T$$ Kurzflossen-Mako, $deu $T$$ Kurzflossen-Makohai, $deu $T$$ Mako, $deu $T$$ Makohai, $deu $T$$ Makrelenhai, spa

Atunero,

Cane de mare, spa

Carito,

Dentuda,

Dentuse,

Diamante,

Dientuse,

Dientuso,

Dientuso azul, spa

Janequín,

Maco,

Mako,

Marrajo,

Marrajo dientuso, spa

Moro,

Pesce tondo, spa

Tiburon carite, spa

Tiburón,

Tiburón azujelo, spa

Tiburón bonito, spa

Tiburón carito, spa

Tiburón marrajo, spa

Tinto, $fra $T$$ Bleu pointu, $fra $T$$ Lamie, $fra $T$$ Mako, $fra $T$$ Marache, $fra $T$$ Requin bleu, $fra $T$$ Requin maquereau, $fra $T$$ Requin taupe bleu, $fra $T$$ Requin-taupe bleu, $fra $T$$ Taupe bleu, $fra $T$$ Taupe bleue, eng

Atlantic mako, eng

Blue pointer, eng

Blue shark, eng

Bonito shark, eng

Dog shark, eng

Mackerel porbeagle, eng

Mackerel shark, eng

Mako,

Mako shark, eng

Moro shark, eng

Pointed nose shark, eng

Sharp-nose mackerel shark, eng

Sharp-nosed mackerel shark, eng

Sharp-nosed shark, eng

Sharpnose mackerel shark, eng

Shortfin mako, eng

Shortfin shark, eng

Snapper shark, ita

Cagna,

Cagnizzo,

Canesca,

Cani di mari, ita

Caniscu,

Cranicia,

Mako,

Meanto,

Muanto,

Ossirina,

Pisci tunnu, ita

Squalo mako, ita

Tunnu palamitu, por

Anequim,

Anequin barbatana curta, por

Cação-anequim, por

Cação-atum, por

Cação-atun, por

Cação-moro, por

Mako,

Marracho,

Marracho-azul, por

Peixe-ruim, por

Rinquim,

Sombreiro, por

Tubarao-anequim, por

Tubarão-sombreiro, Pixxitondu (malta)

Short Description
A large, spindle-shaped shark with large black eyes, a sharp snout, and large, narrow, hooked teeth with smooth edges [536]. Caudal fin lunate, lower lobe strongly developed [20050]. Dark blue above, white below (Ref. 6581). Tiny second dorsal and anal fins [17659].
Diet: [22906] (Atlantic, between the Azores Archipelago and the Iberian Peninsula; n=149): teleosts (~66% of the total number of individual prey) and especially by Atlantic saury (Scomberesox saurus) (Biton Porsmoguer et al. 2013, 2014). The other prey items were crustaceans, cephalopods and sea turtles, and marine mammals (short-beaked common dolphins Delphinus delphis or a striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba)

Distribution
Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas [1388] [20054]. Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine to southern Brazil and Argentina [5839], including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, including the Mediterranean. Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Hawaii, north to Primorskiy Kray (Russian Federation), south to Australia and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: south of Aleutian Islands and from southern California, USA to Chile.
First records: 2013: Bay of Saroz (NE Aegean Sea) [20134]; Source: www.gbif.org

Human uses
fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species

Biology
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed [733]. With up to 18 young in a litter [578]. Gives birth to litters of 4-25 (usually 10-18) pups after a gestation period of 15-18 months; reproduces every 3 years [2539]. Size at birth between 60 and 70 cm [518]. Distinct pairing with embrace [17086]. Occurs on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154).

Size / Weight / Age
400 cm TL (male/unsexed; [20050]); max. published weight: 505.8 kg (Ref. 4699); max. reported age: 25 years [1937]

Habitat
pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous [17660]; marine; depth range 0 - 740 m [578], usually 100 - 150 m (Ref. 36731)

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=3294; CITES: (see: Protected Species for more details) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Speciesof Wild Fauna and Flora annex: II; Council Regulation 2017/160 annex: B

Parasites (arranged by Jürgen Pollerspöck)
Conoidasida

Sarcocystis sp. [32901]

Cestoda

Ceratobothrium xanthocephalum Monticelli, 1892 [16602] [16929] [16908] [25097]
Clistobothrium montaukensis Ruhnke, 1993 [13653] [16908] [25097] [28988]
Clistobothrium tumidum (Linton, 1922) [16443] [16443] [16443]
Dinobothrium plicatum Linton, 1922 [16348]
Dinobothrium septaria (Van Beneden, 1889) [25097]
Gymnorhynchus gigas Rudolphi, 1819 [16112]
Gymnorhynchus isuri Robinson, 1959 [16602] [21462] [16112] [9454] [15747] [25097] [25154]
Hepatoxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi, 1819) [16112]
Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) [16602] [21481] [16112]
Heterosphyriocephalus tergestinus (Pintner, 1913) [16112] [25091]
Mixonybelinia californica Palm, 2004 [16112]
Molicola horridus (Goodsir, 1841) [16112] [25154]
Nybelinia lingualis (Cuvier, 1817) [16112] [10843] [25097] [25154]
Nybelinia schmidti Palm, 1999 [17845] [16112]
Nybelinia sp. [16112]
Phyllobothrium lactuca Van Beneden, 1850 [16443] [25097]
Platybothrium parvum Linton, 1901 [7384]
Sphyriocephalus viridis (Wagener, 1854) Pintner, 1913 [16112]