NEWSLETTER 11/2010 13. November 2010
NEW PARTNERS:
- Prof. Francisco Concha, Laboratorio de Ecología e Impactos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
- Anne-Marie Kitchen-Wheeler, School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (Homepage)
- Dr. Nicholas C. Wegner, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Marine Biology Research Division, La Jolla, USA
- Nicolas Straube, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Sektion Ichthyologie, München, Germany
NEXT UPDATE:
Several times a week (new database software)
STATISTIC:
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September |
October |
November |
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papers: |
9.985 |
10.165 |
11.415 |
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recent: |
7.213 |
7.439 |
8.631 |
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fossil: |
2.772 |
2.726 |
2.784 |
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evaluated: |
5.024 |
5.291 |
5.821 |
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free downloading: |
1.403 |
1.448 |
1.820 |
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saved abstracts: |
1.621 |
1.721 |
2.085 |
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saved DOI |
1.403 |
1.497 |
1.703 |
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database entries „described species“ |
26.737 |
28.109 |
31.181 |
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different species names |
9.906 |
10.002 |
10.194 |
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valid recent species |
1.173 |
1.174 |
1.176 |
MEETINGS:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------35th Annual Larval Fish Conference
May 22-26, 2011
Wilmington
North Carolina
Meeting Web Site
27th Annual Meeting of the American Elasmobranch Society
July 6-11, 2011
Minneapolis
Minnesota
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SVP 71st Annual Meeting
November 2-5, 2011
Paris Las Vegas
Las Vegas, NV USA
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NEW FUNCTION OF THE WEBSITE:
List (pdf) of the papers of the year 2009 for download:
The downloadlink of the pdf is: http://www.shark-references.com/images/meine_bilder/downloads/Papers_2009.pdf
New: first description (digital version) of the following species:
III. SPHYRNA DENTICULATA Münst.
II. HEMIPRISTIS PAUCIDENS Agass.
I. CARCHARODON MEGALODON Agass.
II. CARCHARODON RECTIDENS Agass.
III. CARCHARODON SUBAURICULATUS Agass.
IV. CARCHARODON PRODUCTUS Agass.
V. CARCHARODON POLYGYRUS Agass.
VI. CARCHARODON SULCIDENS Agass.
VII. CARCHARODON AURICULATUS Agass.
VIII. CARCHARODON ANGUSTIDENS Agass.
IX. CARCHARODON TURGIDUS Agass.
NEW PAPERS:
FOSSIL:
AMIOT, R. & WANG, X. & LÉCUYER, C. & BUFFETAUT, E. & BOUDAD, L. & CAVIN, L. & DING, Z. & FLUTEAU, F. & KELLNER, A.W.A. & TONG, H. & ZHANG, F. (2010): Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of middle Cretaceous vertebrates from North Africa and Brazil: Ecological and environmental significance. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 297 (2): 439-451 ; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.08.027
CAVIN, L. & TONG, H. & BOUDAD, L. & MEISTER, C. & PIUZ, A. & TABOUELLE, J. & AARAB, M. & AMIOT, R. & BUFFETAUT, E. & DYKE, G. & HUA, S. & LE LOEUFF, J. (2010): Vertebrate assemblages from the early Late Cretaceous of southeastern Morocco: An overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 57 (5): 391-412; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.12.007
DELSATE, D. & WEIS, R. (2010): La Couche à Crassum (Toarcien moyen) au Luxembourg: stratigraphie et faunes de la coupe de Dudelange-Zoufftgen. In: Robert Weis & Simone Guérin-Franiatte (éditeurs) 2010. - Le Jurassique inférieur et moyen au Luxembourg - Nouvelles données paléontologiques et biostratigraphiques. Ferrantia 62, Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg: 35-62
UNDERWOOD, C.J. & WARD, D.J. & KING, C. & ANTAR, S.M. &ZALMOUT, I.S. & GINGERICH, P.D. (2010): Shark and ray faunas in the Middle and Late Eocene of the Fayum Area, Egypt. Proceedings oftheGeologists’Association, in press; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.pgeola.2010.09.004
RECENT:
AALBERS, S.A. & BERNAL, D. & SEPULVEDA, C.A. (2010): The functional role of the caudal fin in the feeding ecology of the common thresher shark Alopias vulpinus. Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (7): 1863-1868; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02616.x
BAREMORE, I.E. (2010): Reproductive aspects of the Atlantic angel shark Squatina dumeril. Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (7): 1682-1695; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02608.x
BAREMORE, I.E. & MURIE, D.J. & CARLSON, J.K. (2010): Seasonal and size-related differences in diet of the Atlantic angel shark Squatina dumeril in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic Biology, 8: 125-136; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.3354/ab00214
BERNAL, D. (2010): Pelagic Fishes. Chapter 112 In: Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology. (Eds. Cech, J., Farrell, A.). Elsevier Publishers. In press
BOUGATEF, A. & BALTI, R. & NASRI, R. & JELLOULI, K. & SOUISSI, N. & NASRI, M. (2010): Biochemical properties of anionic trypsin acting at high concentration of NaCl purified from the intestine of a carnivorous fish: smooth hound (Mustelus mustelus). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58 (9): 5763-5769
BOUGATEF, A. & RAVALLEC, R. & NEDJAR-ARROUME, N. & BARKIA, A. & GUILLOCHON, D. & NASRI, M. (2010): Evidence of in vivo satietogen effect and control of food intake of smooth hound (Mustelus mustelus) muscle protein hydrolysate in rats. Journal of Functional Foods, 2 (1): 10-16
CARTAMIL, D. & WEGNER, N.C. & KACEV, D. & BEN-ADERET, N. & KOHIN, S. & GRAHAM, J.B. (2010): Movement patterns and nursery habitat of juvenile thresher sharks Alopias vulpinus in the Southern California Bight. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 404: 249-258; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.3354/meps08495
CLAES, J.M. & AKSNES, D.L. & MALLEFET, J. (2010): Phantom hunter of the fjords: Camouflage by counterillumination in a shark (Etmopterus spinax). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 388 (1-2): 28-32; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.03.009
COELHO, J.P. & SANTOS, H. & REIS, A.T. & FALCÃO, J. & RODRIGUES, E.T. & PEREIRA, M.E. & DUARTE, A.C. & PARDAL, M.A. (2010): Mercury bioaccumulation in the spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula) from the Atlantic Ocean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60 (8): 1372-1375
CONCHA, F. & BUSTAMANTE, C. & ODDONE, M.C. & HERNÁNDEZ, S. & LAMILLA, J. (2010): Egg capsules of the dusky catshark Bythaelurus canescens (Carcharhiniformes, Scyliorhinidae) from the south-eastern Pacific Ocean. Journal of Fish Biology, 77 (4): 963-971; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02736.x
DAGLEISH, M.P. & BAILY, J.L. & FOSTER, G. & REID, R.J. & BARLEY, J. (2010): The First Report of Disease in a Basking Shark (Cetorhinus maximus). Journal of Comparative Pathology, In Press, Corrected Proof
DE BOECK, G. & EYCKMANS, M. & LARDON, I. & BOBBAERS, R. & SINHA, A.K. & BLUST, R. (2010): Metal accumulation and metallothionein induction in the spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 155 (4): 503-508; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.12.014
DRIGGERS, W.B. & BURGESS, G.H. & HAMILTON, A.N. & HOPKINS, N.M. & SCHOBERND, C.M. (2010): Squaliolus laticaudus in the Western North Atlantic Ocean: Distributional and Life History Observations. Bulletin of Marine Science, 86 (4): 831-838; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.5343/bms.2010.1009
DURÁN, A.C. & RODRÍGUEZ, C. & GIL DE SOLA, L. & FERNÁNDEZ, B. & ARQUÉ, J.M. & SANS-COMA, V. (2010): Intimal thickening of coronary arteries in the rabbitfish, Chimaera monstrosa L. (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali). Journal of Fish Diseases, 33 (8): 675-682
EVANGELISTA, C. & MILLS, M. & SIEBECK, U.E. & COLLIN, S.P. (2010): A comparison of the external morphology of the membranous inner ear in elasmobranchs. Journal of Morphology, in press
FRICK, L.H. & REINA, R.D. & WALKER, T.I. (2010): Stress related physiological changes and post-release survival of Port Jackson sharks (Heterodontus portusjacksoni) and gummy sharks (Mustelus antarcticus) following gill-net and longline capture in captivity. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 385 (1): 29-37; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.01.013
GALLO, V. & CAVALCANTI, M.J. & DA.SILVA, R.F.L. & DA.SILVA, H.M.A. & PAGNONCELLI, D. (2010): Panbiogeographical analysis of the shark genus Rhizoprionodon (Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes, Carcharhinidae). Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (7): 1696-1713; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02609.x
HERNDON, A. & GALLUCCI, V.F. & DEMASTER, D. & BURKE, W. (2010): The case for an international commission for the conservation and management of sharks (ICCMS). Marine Policy, 34 (6): 1239-1248
LISNEY, T.J. (2010): A review of the sensory biology of chimaeroid fishes (Chondrichthyes; Holocephali). Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 20 (4): 571-590; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1007/s11160-010-9162-x
NAVIA, A.F. & CORTÉS, E. & MEJÍA-FALLA, P.A. (2010): Topological analysis of the ecological importance of elasmobranch fishes: A food web study on the Gulf of Tortugas, Colombia. Ecological Modelling, Article in Press, Corrected Proof; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.006
OLIVEIRA, P. & HAZIN, F.H.V. & CARVALHO, F. & REGO, M. & COELHO, R. & PIERCY, A. & BURGESS, G. (2010): Reproductive biology of the crocodile shark Pseudocarcharias kamoharai. Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (7): 1655-1670; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02606.x
OLSON, P.D. & CAIRA, J.N. & JENSEN, K. & OVERSTREET, R.M. & PALM, H.W. & BEVERIDGE, I. (2010): Evolution of the trypanorhynch tapeworms: Parasite phylogeny supports independent lineages of sharks and rays? International Journal for Parasitology, 40 (2): 223-.
PAPASTAMATIOU, Y.P. & FRIEDLANDER, A.M. & CASELLE, J.E. & LOWE, C.G. (2010): Long-term movement patterns and trophic ecology of blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) at Palmyra Atoll. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 386 (1): 94-102; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.02.009
PARK-HOLOHAN, S-J. & WEST, T.G. & WOLEDGE, R.C. & FERENCZI, M.A. & BARCLAY, C.J. & CURTIN, N.A. (2010): Effect of phosphate and temperature on force exerted by white muscle fibres from dogfish. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 31 (1): 35-44
PORTER, M.E. & LONG, J.H. (2010): Vertebrae in compression: Mechanical behavior of arches and centra in the gray smooth-hound shark (Mustelus californicus). Journal of Morphology, 271 (3): 366-375; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1002/jmor.10803
RENSHAW, G.M.C. & WISE, G. & DODD, P.R. (2010): Ecophysiology of neuronal metabolism in transiently oxygen-depleted environments: Evidence that GABA is accumulated pre-synaptically in the cerebellum. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 155 (4): 486-492; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.10.039
SÁEZ, S.B. & PEQUEÑO, G. (2010): Taxonomic dental keys for the Chilean taxa of the Superorder Squalomorphi (Chondricthyes: Elasmobranchii). Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 38 (3): 474-484 j; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.3856/vol38-issue3-fulltext-11
SCHLUESSEL, V. & BENNETT, M.B. & BLECKMANN, H. & COLLIN, S.P. (2010): The role of olfaction throughout juvenile development: functional adaptations in elasmobranchs. Journal of Morphology, 271 (4): 451-461; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1002/jmor.10809
SKOMAL, G. & BERNAL, D. (2010): Mechanisms and Adaptations Associated with Physiological Stress. In Volume 2. The Biology of sharks an their relatives. Physiological Adaptations, Behavior, Ecology, Conservation and Management of Sharks and Their Relatives. (Eds. J. C. Carrier J. A. Musick and M. R. Heithaus). CRC Press: 459-490
SLEEMAN, J.C. & MEEKAN, M.G. & WILSON, S.G. & POLOVINA, J.J. & STEVENS, J.D. & BOGGS, G.S. & BRADSHAW, C.J.A. (2010): To go or not to go with the flow: Environmental influences on whale shark movement patterns. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 390 (2): 84-98; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.05.009
STRAUBE, N. & IGLÉSIAS, S.P. & SELLOS, D.Y. & KRIWET, J. & SCHLIEWEN, U.K. (2010): Molecular phylogeny and node time estimation of bioluminescent Lantern Sharks (Elasmobranchii: Etmopteridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 56 (3): 905-917; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.042
STRAUBE, N. & KRIWET, J. & SCHLIEWEN, U. K. (2010): Cryptic diversity and species assignment of large Lantern Sharks of the Etmopterus spinax clade from the Southern Hemisphere, (Squaliformes, Etmopteridae). Zoologica Scripta, in press; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00455.x
TECHERA, E.J. & KLEIN, N. 2011 Fragmented governance: Reconciling legal strategies for shark conservation and management? Marine Policy, 35 (1): 73-78
WEGNER, N.C. & SEPULVEDA, C.A. & OLSON, K.R. & HYNDMAN, K.A. & GRAHAM, J.B. (2010): Functional morphology of the gills of the shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, a lamnid shark. Journal of Morphology, 271 (8): 937-948; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1002/jmor.10845
WHITE, W.T. & DHARMADI (2010): Aspects of maturation and reproduction in hexanchiform and squaliform sharks. Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (6): 1362-1378; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02560.x
WHITE, W.T. & KYNE, P.M. (2010): The status of chondrichthyan conservation in the Indo-Australasian region. Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (9): 2090-2117; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02654.x
WOOD, C.M. & WALSH, P.J. & KAJIMURA, M. & McCLELLAND, G. & CHEW, S.F. (2010): The influence of feeding and fasting on plasma metabolites in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 155 (4): 435-444; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.09.006
YOPAK, K.E. & LISNEY, T.J. & DARLINGTON, R.B. & COLLIN, S.P. & MONTGOMERY, J.C. & FINLAY, B.L. (2010): A conserved pattern of brain scaling from sharks to primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107 (29): 12946-12951; Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/10.1073/pnas.1002195107
MISCELLANEOUS
Third of Shark and Ray Species Are Threatened, Study Suggests
ScienceDaily (Oct. 27, 2010) — Dr. Jack Musick, emeritus professor at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, has overseen a global study suggesting that 33 percent of shark, skate, and ray species are threatened with extinction.
The work is part of a major new study of vertebrates by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the world's oldest and largest environmental network. The IUCN study shows that conservation actions have benefitted a few species of vertebrates around the world during the last few decades, but are too few and far between to slow an overall rapid increase in the number of threatened species.
A summary of the study, "The Impact of Conservation on the Status of the World's Vertebrates," appears in the journal Science. The study is based on an on-going appraisal of the IUCN Red List, the worldwide standard for assessing the status of species. Red List categories run from "least concern" to "near threatened," "vulnerable," "endangered," "critically endangered," "extinct in the wild," and "extinct."
Placement in a category reflects a species' abundance, reproductive rate, geographic range, and other such factors. A "data deficient" category holds species for which there is inadequate information to assess extinction risk based on distribution, population status, or both.
Musick served as co-chair of the IUCN Shark Specialist Group from 1997-2006, and currently serves as Vice Chair-Science. It was in these roles that he oversaw the Red List assessment of sharks, skates, and rays by an international team of more than 100 experts. The team assessed nearly all of the 1,168 described species of these cartilaginous fishes.
The group's work suggests that 345 of the 1,044 species of cartilaginous fishes studied (33%) are "threatened," a broad grouping that includes species in the "vulnerable," "endangered," and "critically endangered" categories.
"Data Deficient" species
Musick cautions that assessing the exact threat level for cartilaginous fishes is made difficult by the group's large number of "data-deficient" species, itself a consequence of the difficulty and high cost of sampling these underwater creatures.
He says the researchers dealt with this uncertainty by applying three different assessment techniques: one that likely underestimates threat by assuming that none of the data-deficient species are threatened, one that likely overestimates threat by assuming that all of the data-deficient species are threatened, and a middle course that assumes that data-deficient species have the same fraction of threatened species as those in the "data-sufficient" categories.
Musick is confident the middle course represents the best estimate (the 33% value mentioned previously). The assumption that none of the data-deficient species is threatened gives a threat estimate of 17%; the assumption that all are threatened gives an estimate of 64%.
The assessment shows that threats to cartilaginous fishes (and other vertebrates) occur mainly in the tropics, regions where large numbers of species with restricted distributions coincide with intensive fisheries.
The IUCN assessment of cartilaginous fishes includes data from the VIMS Shark Survey, which visits Chesapeake Bay and Virginia's coastal waters on a monthly basis from May through October. Established by Musick in 1973, it is now the longest running fishery-independent study of shark populations in the world.
To reduce the threat to cartilaginous fishes, Musick and his co-authors call for a number of conservation actions. These include habitat protection, management of harvest and trade, adoption of new law and policy measures, and enhanced awareness and education campaigns.
Status of Virginia's Sharks
Several of the most common shark species found in Virginia waters are listed on the IUCN Red List:
- Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus): Vulnerable
- Smooth Dogfish (Mustelus canis): Near Threatened
- Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae): Least concern
- Dusky Shark (Carcharhinus obscurus): Vulnerable
- Sand Tiger Shark (Carcharias taurus): Vulnerable
- Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas): Near Threatened
Other vertebrates
The IUCN study, led by Dr. Michael Hoffman of the IUCN's Species Survival Commission, also counted the number of mammal, bird, and amphibian species in each Red List category at various intervals during the last few decades (1988, 1994, 2000, 2004, and 2008 for birds; 1996 and 2008 for mammals; and 1980 and 2004 for amphibians). A total of 25,780 vertebrate species are on the IUCN Red List; one fifth of all known species of this diverse and important group.
Their results, calculated as changes in a "Red List Index," showed that 156 mammal species, 223 bird species, and 662 amphibian species each moved at least one Red List category closer to extinction over the assessment period. On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. (A lack of long-term data prevents a similar assessment for sharks, skates, and rays).
The study also showed that these trends would have been even more pronounced in the absence of recent conservation actions, which were responsible for all but 4 of the 68 cases in which a vertebrate species moved at least one category away from extinction (the four exceptions were improvements resulting from natural processes, such as unassisted habitat regeneration.)
The authors write "IUCN Red List assessments of the world's vertebrate species indicate a net trend towards heightened risk of extinction, but this trend would have been more marked in the absence of conservation actions."
They add that "current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these [vertebrate] groups: agricultural expansion, logging, over-exploitation, and invasive alien species."
Story Source:
The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily staff) from materials provided by Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The original article was written by David Malmquist.
Journal Reference:
1. Hoffmann et al. The Impact of Conservation on the Status of the World’s Vertebrates. Science, 2010 DOI: 10.1126/science.1194442
